Eurospy Genre!

References made to James Bond 007 in television, literature, music and movies
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Eurospy Genre!

Post by John P. Drake »

Bond's legacy on an international movie genre: Eurospy!

When Goldfinger has become a huge success in the international box office, a new genre was born in the cinematic world of media, entitled "Eurospy", which were highly prolific in the 1960s, heavily influenced by James Bond films, either imitating the essence atmosphere of the source material, or spoofing them. They were often produced by the Italians, the French and seldomly, the British, along with the films featuring American and British stars in the lead.

Some European stars and their films were renamed and retitled to cash in on the superspy craze, in order to raise the popularity of their products, trying to recapture the spy genre fans which were "born" with the elegant appearance of the tremendous secret agent, James Bond himself. Plus, many French and Italian films used "007" that United Artists told the Italian film industry that only James Bond could be 007, and threatened legal action. Working around this restriction, many films were given similar, but legally acceptable, three-digit numbers in their titles.

One of the very first series in the genre was Italian moviemaker, Bruno Corbucci's James Tont starring Lando Buzzanca, which is the earliest Italian comedies based on 007, which also spawned a sequel. One of the entries is James Tont: Operation U.N.O. in 1965, which features a female character named 'Goldsinger', and an underwater sequences similar to the ones occurred in Thunderball. The other one is The Wacky World of James Tont, released a year later. Corbucci also wrote the screenplays for Kiss Kiss - Bang Bang, which was derived from the motto the Italians described James Bond at the time, and later Flit, heavily spoofing the infamous Derek Flint which James Coburn kept playing in the official twosome films. Both of them were released the same year in 1966.

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Another notable series, which had one thing differing from the Bond saga, was the Secret Agent 077 series, which featured multiple characters using the same codename; Dick Malloy, George Farrell, Mike Murphy and Bob Fleming, with all of them, in turn, are working for the CIA. However, "077" was used on posters or advertising of several other Eurospy films with little or no relationship to each other perhaps to exploit the audience's knowledge of 007. Malloy was played by Ken Clark in three films; Agent 077: Mission Bloody Mary, Agent 077: From The Orient With Fury and finally, Special Mission Lady Chaplin, which co-starred a Bond alumni, Daniela Bianchi as a femme fatale rival secret agent. The other characters were one-offs, with Farrell played by Brett Halsey in Espionage In Lisbon, whilst Murphy being played by Luis Davila in Espionage In Tangier. But, Bob Fleming had a larger depth in the franchise, appearing in two films, played by Richard Harrison in Secret Agent Fireball and Killers Are Challenged.

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The most famous series were the official OSS 117 films which was based on Jean Bruce's character and the novels he wrote the past decade prior to the film franchise. Kerwin Matthews was the first one to star as the titular character, twice in OSS 117 and OSS 117: Panic In Bangkok. Frederick Stafford replaced Matthews as OSS 117 in the next two films, and portrayed the character in the mould of Sean Connery's James Bond, starring in OSS 117: Mission For A Killer and OSS 117: Terror In Tokyo, which were considered by most of its fans as the best two entries in the canonical series. The latter was the only not to be based on a Jean Bruce novel, but rather had an original storyline written by three times Bond film director, Terence Young, which inspired two future Bond films; You Only Live Twice and The Spy Who Loved Me. Unavailable to reprise his role in the next movie while filming Alfred Hitchock's Topaz, Stafford passed the torch to John Gavin in OSS 117: Murder For Sale, which captured the attention of EON Productions, offering Gavin to play James Bond twice, but that did not happen. The movie also stars a future Bond villain, Curd Jurgens (who played Stromberg in The Spy Who Loved Me) as the main evil mastermind behind the plot, and a former Bond girl, Luciana Paluzzi. All of them, except for OSS 117: Terror In Tokyo, were directed by Andre Hunebelle, with the latter title being directed by Michel Boisrond.

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Some of the other infamous series were Claude Chabrol's French "Tiger" trilogy, with Roger Hanin starring as Louis Rapiere, the titular character in Codename: Tiger, Our Agent Tiger and Blue Panther. The first movie in the series referenced From Russia With Love many times as Daniela Bianchi obtained a major role in the flick. The German-produced film series Kommissar X and Jerry Cotton also brought a lot of success to the Eurospy genre. Karin Dor, a former Bond girl in You Only Live Twice, starred in The Spy With Ten Faces, which was directed by Alberto De Martino, who also worked on the first two Secret Agent 077 films.

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A touchstone of the genre was an ensemble cast featuring Operation Kid Brother, which spoofed the James Bond films, starring Neil Connery, Sean Connery's brother, in the lead role, hence the taglines of the film tell the following: "One Connery Is Too Much For One Mother!". It also starred several Bond veterans, including Bernard Lee, Anthony Dawson, Adolfo Celi, Daniela Bianchi (once again), and Lois Maxwell. Connery (as it's the character's name in the film, as well) strongly resembles Sean Connery's James Bond, except that he sports a beard, has little in the way of secret agent skills, he is an expert at hypnotism and archery as well as some deadly martial arts. The basic plot of the film is that England’s best secret agent (presumably Bond) is not available, so his younger brother is brought in to defeat the evil crime syndicate THANATOS (a spoofed version of SPECTRE).

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French film star Jean Marais starred in the French-Italian The Reluctant Spy and Killer Spy. American actor Ray Danton made two French films, Code Name: Jaguar, Secret Agent Super Dragon, and the Spanish-Italian 007 parody Lucky, the Inscrutable directed by Jesus Franco. Franco also made The Girl from Rio in 1969. Frederick Stafford, apart from his OSS 117 movies, has made Agent 505: Death Trap Beirut in 1966, starring as Robert Blake, the titular character. Ken Clark also made his one-off independent spy movie The Tiffany Memorandum in 1967, as Hallam, who's a journalist drawn into the CIA.

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The highest budget Eurospy movie was Kiss The Girls And Make Them Die in 1966, produced by Dino De Laurentiis, directed by Henry Levin and Dino Maiuri, who co-wrote the script with Jack Pulman. It starred as Mike Connors as Kelly Obstacle, who's described as "down-the-earth" CIA agent, teaming up with one of MI6's own female operatives, Susan Fleming, played by Dorothy Provine, and her chauffeur (played by Terry Thomas), driving a Rolls-Royce car filled with spy gadgets, team up to stop the industrialist. Mike Connors recalled that Columbia Pictures gave him the lead after he'd been a strong contender for the role of Matt Helm that Dean Martin played. Connors said that his Good Neighbor Sam co-star Dorothy Provine was whisked to Rome for a week, returning in a glamorous makeover. Whilst Connors played a Sean Connery type American superspy, Dorothy Provine played her role with an upper class British accent similar to Lady Penelope Creighton-Ward of the Thunderbirds TV series. Her character rode a gadget-filled Rolls Royce driven by a Parker-type chauffer played by Terry-Thomas. The movie was filmed on location in Rio de Janeiro and Rome with Dino De Laurentiis spending a lot of money on production. Connors also recalled that he did the stuntwork of dangling from a rope ladder attached to a helicopter flying off the Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio when the local stuntman refused to do it. Connors said that they were the only film company ever granted permission to film at the landmark.

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The British also played a major role in the Eurospy genre, and produced many films. Charles K. Feldman produced a Bond spoof, Casino Royale in 1967, which was not just ill-fated, but both critical and commercial flop. The plot features seven 'James Bond's in the movie going after an evil organization led by Dr. Noah. It starred Peter Sellers, David Niven, Ursula Andress, Orson Welles and many other famous actors and actresses such as Daliah Lavi, Barbara Bouchet, Woody Allen, and Joanna Pettet. Even though with the contemporary reviews and the original ones, the film was laughed out, some of whom regard it as a baffling, disorganised affair, psychedelic, and absurd masterpiece.

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Other UK-produced/filmed movies were the twosome Bulldog Drummond movies, which weren't actually parodies but light-toned serious James Bond rip-offs, with Richard Johnson (Terence Young's original choice for the Bond role) playing the lead role, Drummond, in Deadlier Than The Male and Some Girls Do. Drummond's main goal in both the titles was to stop and terminate Carl Peterson and his plans, who's also his own nemesis ever since the beginning of his career. Johnson also made a one-off but more serious toned spy film called Danger Route, based on Andrew York's novel The Eliminator, released in 1967. Roger Browne was also notable for his many Eurospy movies Super Seven Calling Cairo, Operation Poker, The Spy Who Loved Flowers and Password: Kill Agent Gordon, with each one of them being unrelated to the other. A Bond-like spoof, which also tried to make many references to the superspy, was the franchise known as "The Second Best Secret Agent in the Whole Wide World" had Tom Adams in the role of Charles Vine in Licensed To Kill and Where The Bullets Fly.

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Produced by Harry Saltzman, one of the two producers of EON Productions, three of Len Deighton's novels were adapted into films, starring Michael Caine as Harry Palmer, a down the earth covert operative working for MI5, often blackmailed by his superior, Colonel Ross (played by Bond veteran, Guy Doleman), to be forced to work on the case he was assigned to. The three entries were The Ipcress File, Funeral In Berlin and Billion Dollar Brain. Thirty years later, under another production, Caine reprises his role as Palmer in made-for-TV movies Bullet To Beijing and Midnight In Saint Petersburg.

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By the end of the 1960s, the Eurospy genre has begun to fall off its popularity it gained through the decade, losing it to Spaghetti Western. However, as of 1997, the genre was attempted for revival when the English have produced three "Austin Powers" movies parodying every spy movie released in the 1960s, while the French have renewed the chronology of OSS 117, incarnated as spoof of the genre, featuring the same old Hubert Bonisseur de la Bath created by Jean Bruce, portrayed by Academy Award Winner for best actor, Jean Dujardin as dim-witted, self-important and politically incorrect oaf, working for the SDECE instead of the CIA, in OSS 117: Cairo, Nest of Spies in 2006 (set in 1955) and OSS 117: Lost In Rio in 2009 (set in 1967), both were written and directed by Michel Hazanavicius, recreating a world-wide box office success.

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Re: Eurospy Genre!

Post by Capt. Sir Dominic Flandry »

OK Connery seems a bit cheeky. Surprised they got away with it.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

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Capt. Sir Dominic Flandry wrote:OK Connery seems a bit cheeky. Surprised they got away with it.
I watched it again a couple of days ago, and it wasn't as bad as people described it. It's a typical Eurospy movie.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

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John P. Drake wrote:
Capt. Sir Dominic Flandry wrote:OK Connery seems a bit cheeky. Surprised they got away with it.
I watched it again a couple of days ago, and it wasn't as bad as people described it. It's a typical Eurospy movie.
Have you seen the Mystery Science Theater 3000 version?
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

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Kristatos wrote:
John P. Drake wrote:
Capt. Sir Dominic Flandry wrote:OK Connery seems a bit cheeky. Surprised they got away with it.
I watched it again a couple of days ago, and it wasn't as bad as people described it. It's a typical Eurospy movie.
Have you seen the Mystery Science Theater 3000 version?
Yes, all they had to do was to bash the movie so ignorantly that eventually made me throw up. They just bashed the movie for the sake of bashing. And why did they call Neil Connery such bad names and criticized him? The man was just doing his first acting job. And he did very well in my opinion. What was bad about the movie I'll never know.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

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Well, making fun of movies is kind of what MST3K does.

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Re: Eurospy Genre!

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Kristatos wrote:Well, making fun of movies is kind of what MST3K does.

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Would like to see them making fun of the 1967 CR with David Niven.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

Post by Omega »

John P. Drake wrote:
Kristatos wrote:Well, making fun of movies is kind of what MST3K does.

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Would like to see them making fun of the 1967 CR with David Niven.
i tried to watch it but couldn't get past the first few minutes.


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............ :007:
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

Post by John P. Drake »

Omega wrote:
John P. Drake wrote:
Kristatos wrote:Well, making fun of movies is kind of what MST3K does.

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Would like to see them making fun of the 1967 CR with David Niven.
i tried to watch it but couldn't get past the first few minutes.


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Same. All you hear is poor ranting.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

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The Rifftrax commentary on CR 2006 is pretty good. Almost makes it bearable.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

Post by John P. Drake »

For more information about the Eurospy genre, which I recommend to every single spy fan, go onto this link. I'm telling you, it'll change your life completely if you're a real spy fan, it's what the 1960s Bond audience will fall in love with, and that's why Matt Blake has written the perfect guide to the Eurospy movies. Don't miss it.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

Post by Count_Lippe »

Didn't see this thread until now, since I mostly check out the General Discussion section.

I wrote a little about the Eurospy genre a few years ago on the forum, and I'm familiar with all the various 007 imitations of the 1960s.

Great genre that is largely forgotten today.

I have a big collection of these films in english redubbed versions from Italian, French etc DVDs, not washed out VHS copies.

If anyone is interested, send me a pm.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

Post by John P. Drake »

Count_Lippe wrote:Didn't see this thread until now, since I mostly check out the General Discussion section.

I wrote a little about the Eurospy genre a few years ago on the forum, and I'm familiar with all the various 007 imitations of the 1960s.

Great genre that is largely forgotten today.

I have a big collection of these films in english redubbed versions from Italian, French etc DVDs, not washed out VHS copies.

If anyone is interested, send me a pm.
Nice to see there is someone who values this genre. I love it. The top two best series in the genre are OSS 117 and the 077/Dick Malloy trilogy. There are a few others such as Caplan/FX-18, or Secret Agent Super Seven, heck even the Flint parody known as "Flit". LOL!! I also have ones dubbed from French/Italian to English. However, none of the ones I have has a remastered aspect, but they are all revamped in 2006 as far as I know. But the OSS 117 series are accurately fine. Love them all.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

Post by Count_Lippe »

People on this forum seem to like only mainstream films (Bond is also sort of mainstream), not 1960s Italian or French B-movies. :wink:

Anyway most of my copies of these films are excellent quality, print taken from DVD releases or TV screenings, and english audio track from old VHS tapes, redubbing done by ordinary movie fans with technical know-how.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

Post by Daltonite Toothpaste »

John P. Drake wrote:Other UK-produced/filmed movies were the twosome Bulldog Drummond movies, which weren't actually parodies but light-toned serious James Bond rip-offs, with Richard Johnson (Terence Young's original choice for the Bond role) playing the lead role, Drummond, in Deadlier Than The Male and Some Girls Do. Drummond's main goal in both the titles was to stop and terminate Carl Peterson and his plans, who's also his own nemesis ever since the beginning of his career. Johnson also made a one-off but more serious toned spy film called Danger Route, based on Andrew York's novel The Eliminator, released in 1967.
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Deadlier Than The Male is my honorary Bond film.



It would make my top 10 easily.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

Post by John P. Drake »

Daltonite Toothpaste wrote:
John P. Drake wrote:Other UK-produced/filmed movies were the twosome Bulldog Drummond movies, which weren't actually parodies but light-toned serious James Bond rip-offs, with Richard Johnson (Terence Young's original choice for the Bond role) playing the lead role, Drummond, in Deadlier Than The Male and Some Girls Do. Drummond's main goal in both the titles was to stop and terminate Carl Peterson and his plans, who's also his own nemesis ever since the beginning of his career. Johnson also made a one-off but more serious toned spy film called Danger Route, based on Andrew York's novel The Eliminator, released in 1967.
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Deadlier Than The Male is my honorary Bond film.



It would make my top 10 easily.
Same here. What a smashing movie, ain't it, Daltonite? Drummond and the girls alone, SPECIALLY Elke Sommer, steal the show.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

Post by Daltonite Toothpaste »

John P. Drake wrote:
Daltonite Toothpaste wrote:
John P. Drake wrote:Other UK-produced/filmed movies were the twosome Bulldog Drummond movies, which weren't actually parodies but light-toned serious James Bond rip-offs, with Richard Johnson (Terence Young's original choice for the Bond role) playing the lead role, Drummond, in Deadlier Than The Male and Some Girls Do. Drummond's main goal in both the titles was to stop and terminate Carl Peterson and his plans, who's also his own nemesis ever since the beginning of his career. Johnson also made a one-off but more serious toned spy film called Danger Route, based on Andrew York's novel The Eliminator, released in 1967.
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Deadlier Than The Male is my honorary Bond film.



It would make my top 10 easily.
Same here. What a smashing movie, ain't it, Daltonite? Drummond and the girls alone, SPECIALLY Elke Sommer, steal the show.
I do like Elke Sommer, moreso when she emerges, bikini clad, from the sea armed with a spear gun.
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Re: Eurospy Genre!

Post by John P. Drake »

Daltonite Toothpaste wrote:
John P. Drake wrote:
Daltonite Toothpaste wrote:
John P. Drake wrote:Other UK-produced/filmed movies were the twosome Bulldog Drummond movies, which weren't actually parodies but light-toned serious James Bond rip-offs, with Richard Johnson (Terence Young's original choice for the Bond role) playing the lead role, Drummond, in Deadlier Than The Male and Some Girls Do. Drummond's main goal in both the titles was to stop and terminate Carl Peterson and his plans, who's also his own nemesis ever since the beginning of his career. Johnson also made a one-off but more serious toned spy film called Danger Route, based on Andrew York's novel The Eliminator, released in 1967.
Image

Deadlier Than The Male is my honorary Bond film.



It would make my top 10 easily.
Same here. What a smashing movie, ain't it, Daltonite? Drummond and the girls alone, SPECIALLY Elke Sommer, steal the show.
I do like Elke Sommer, moreso when she emerges, bikini clad, from the sea armed with a spear gun.
A clear callback to Thunderball, but in her case, it's not just the spear gun, her looks can kill, too. It surprises me that she has never been an official Bond girl.
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